Research
Most existing subtitle systems focus solely on transcribing words. But in mixed-language conversations—especially between Deaf and hearing individuals—emotional tone is often lost.Through interviews with Deaf viewers, we learned how challenging it can be to distinguish a joke from sarcasm, or calmness from passive aggression—when tone is invisible.This inspired us to ask:
Can subtitles carry emotion, not just words?
Quotations
Key Quotations
“When hearing people say ‘fine,’ I don’t know if they’re happy, annoyed, or just tired. It all sounds the same in text.”
“Deaf individuals often extract emotions by observing facial expressions from other Deaf people. However, hearing individuals typically do not rely heavily on facial expressions to convey their emotions.”
- - Chi Deaf Interpreter Movie Sign Language Guidance.








